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The twenty imports Belarus is best placed to replace.

Belarus imported USD 15bn of manufactured goods in 2024 and exported USD 3.8bn. These are the twenty that sit closest to what it already makes well, with how concentrated the supply of each is.

USD 1.9bnthe twenty, imported in 2024
82products imported at scale, not yet exported well, and close to existing strengths
538products Belarus already exports well
279product lines imported at USD 10m or more
The twenty

Demand, capability, exposure. Nothing else is claimed.

Each line shows the import bill, where it comes from, the nearest thing Belarus already exports well, and how many countries make it. It does not say whether a plant in Belarus would pay. That reason is not in any trade record, and it is the maker's question.

This edition is trade and capability only, scored out of 8. The UK edition adds which public bodies buy each product and which region holds the capability; those layers are built only where a country publishes contract awards and regional trade, and Belarus does not publish them in a form this record can read yet.

  1. 1

    Washing and cleaning preparations: powders, flakes and granules, surface-active, whether or not containing soap...HS 340250

    Comes fromPoland 63%, 20 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 1m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 44m
    Countries that export it well39

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 33m, top 22 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 8 per cent (3); Poland supplies 63 per cent (2).

    USD 33mup 31% on 2022
  2. 2

    Reception apparatus for television, whether or not incorporating radio-broadcast receivers or sound or video recording...HS 852872

    Comes fromChina 71%, 11 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 130k; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 53m
    Countries that export it well17

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 414m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 43 per cent (1); China supplies 71 per cent (2).

    USD 414mup 46% on 2022
  3. 3

    Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), cylinder capacity...HS 870333

    Comes fromGermany 66%, 19 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 216k; 12 more lines in the heading, USD 3.3bn
    Countries that export it well16

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 223m, top 3 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 41 per cent (1); Germany supplies 66 per cent (2).

    USD 223mdown 40% on 2022
  4. 4

    Washing machines: household or laundry-type, fully-automatic, (of a dry linen capacity not exceeding 10kg)HS 845011

    Comes fromChina 86%, 15 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 407k
    Countries that export it well17

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 89m, top 5 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 32 per cent (1); China supplies 86 per cent (2).

    USD 89mfrom USD 11m in 2022
  5. 5

    Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including...HS 848180

    Comes fromChina 61%, 22 source countries
    Nearest export strengthMachinery, apparatus and equipment (excluding machines of heading... (exports USD 156k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 5m
    Countries that export it well21

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 68m, top 9 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 50 per cent (1); China supplies 61 per cent (2).

    USD 68mup 52% on 2022
  6. 6

    Vehicle parts and accessories: n.e.c. in heading no. 8708HS 870899

    Comes fromTurkey 47%, 27 source countries
    Nearest export strengthRailway or tramway locomotives: parts n.e.c. in heading no. 8607 (exports USD 959k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 23m; 8 more lines in the heading, USD 269m
    Countries that export it well28

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 61m, top 10 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 21 per cent (2); Turkey supplies 47 per cent (1).

    USD 61mup 14% on 2022
  7. 7

    Boards, panels, consoles, desks and other bases: for electric control or the distribution of electricity, (other than...HS 853710

    Comes fromChina 81%, 10 source countries
    Nearest export strengthBoilers: parts of auxiliary plant, for use with boilers of heading... (exports USD 171k)
    Exports of this lineUSD 5m
    Countries that export it well29

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 32m, top 23 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 10 per cent (2); China supplies 81 per cent (2).

    USD 32mup 13% on 2022
  8. 8

    Vehicles: public transport type (carries 10 or more persons, including driver), with only compression-ignition...HS 870210

    Comes fromChina 94%, 6 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 262k
    Countries that export it well30

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 25m, top 34 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 10 per cent (3); China supplies 94 per cent (2).

    USD 25mfrom USD 2m in 2022
  9. 9

    Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses...HS 300490

    Comes fromLithuania 17%, 30 source countries
    Nearest export strengthMedicaments: containing antibiotics (other than penicillins... (exports USD 10m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 39m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 31m
    Countries that export it well32

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 382m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 19 per cent (2).

    USD 382mup 14% on 2022
  10. 10

    Food preparations: n.e.c. in item no. 2106.10HS 210690

    Comes fromGermany 22%, 36 source countries
    Nearest export strengthMeat preparations: sausages and similar products, of meat, meat... (exports USD 40m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 10m
    Countries that export it well51

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 78m, top 7 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 16 per cent (2).

    USD 78mup 49% on 2022
  11. 11

    Dog or cat food: put up for retail sale, used in animal feedingHS 230910

    Comes fromItaly 25%, 19 source countries
    Nearest export strengthMeat preparations: of swine, meat or meat offal (including... (exports USD 4m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 104k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 41m
    Countries that export it well26

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 55m, top 12 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 9 per cent (3).

    USD 55mup 144% on 2022
  12. 12

    Iron or steel: articles n.e.c. in heading 7326HS 732690

    Comes fromChina 59%, 33 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 15m
    Countries that export it well28

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 52m, top 13 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 14 per cent (2); China supplies 59 per cent (1).

    USD 52mup 80% on 2022
  13. 13

    Footwear: n.e.c. in heading no. 6403, (not covering the ankle), outer soles of rubber, plastics or composition...HS 640399

    Comes fromChina 70%, 18 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 267k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 22m
    Countries that export it well26

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 36m, top 18 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 44 per cent (1); China supplies 70 per cent (2).

    USD 36mup 98% on 2022
  14. 14

    Tractors: road tractors for semi-trailers, with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or...HS 870121

    Comes fromChina 97%, 4 source countries
    Nearest export strengthVehicles: bodies (including cabs) for the motor vehicles of heading... (exports USD 8m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 515k
    Countries that export it well12

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 31m, top 25 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 47 per cent (1); China supplies 97 per cent (2).

    USD 31mup 116% on 2022
  15. 15

    Machinery: for agricultural, horticultural or forestry use and n.e.c. in heading no. 8436HS 843680

    Comes fromPoland 55%, 18 source countries
    Nearest export strengthHarvesting machinery: parts, including parts of threshing machinery... (exports USD 3m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 744k; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 57m
    Countries that export it well22

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 26m, top 32 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 9 per cent (3); Poland supplies 55 per cent (1).

    USD 26mup 0% on 2022
  16. 16

    Engines: parts for internal combustion piston engines (excluding spark-ignition)HS 840999

    Comes fromTurkey 65%, 6 source countries
    Nearest export strengthPumps and compressors: parts, of air or vacuum pumps, air or other... (exports USD 6m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 6m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 25m
    Countries that export it well28

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 25m, top 32 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 24 per cent (2); Turkey supplies 65 per cent (2).

    USD 25mup 107% on 2022
  17. 17

    Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, n.e.c. in heading 7308HS 730890

    Comes fromChina 58%, 19 source countries
    Nearest export strengthAluminium: structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading... (exports USD 3m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 5m
    Countries that export it well33

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 25m, top 34 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 7 per cent (3); China supplies 58 per cent (1).

    USD 25mup 18% on 2022
  18. 18

    Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on motor cars (including station wagons and racing cars)HS 401110

    Comes fromChina 39%, 18 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 3m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 19m
    Countries that export it well28

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 83m, top 6 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 30 per cent (1).

    USD 83mup 116% on 2022
  19. 19

    Medical, surgical or dental instruments and appliances: n.e.c. in heading no. 9018HS 901890

    Comes fromLithuania 22%, 30 source countries
    Nearest export strengthInstruments and apparatus: for measuring or detecting ionising... (exports USD 5m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 49m
    Countries that export it well23

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 70m, top 8 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 27 per cent (1).

    USD 70mup 13% on 2022
  20. 20

    Paints and varnishes: based on polymers n.e.c. in heading no. 3208, dispersed or dissolved in a non-aqueous mediumHS 320890

    Comes fromItaly 29%, 29 source countries
    Nearest export strengthPaints and varnishes: based on acrylic or vinyl polymers, dispersed... (exports USD 2m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 459k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 38m
    Countries that export it well34

    Score 4 of 8: import bill USD 58m, top 11 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Belarus' export strengths in the top 20 per cent (2).

    USD 58mup 67% on 2022

The bill and its path, the sources and their unit values, who exports the line well, the nearest strengths, the public buyers where a country publishes them, and the method. We reply by email. Privacy

One line per customs heading. Products Belarus already exports well and still imports are below, because they are a different conversation. No employment figures appear on this page, by decision.

Made here already, still imported

Scale conversations, not capability ones.

  • Trailers and semi-trailers: (other than tanker type) imports USD 197m, exports USD 4m, top source Poland 47%
  • Harvesting machinery: parts, including parts of threshing machinery, straw or... imports USD 65m, exports USD 3m, top source Poland 34%
  • Vaccines, toxins, cultures of micro-organisms (excluding yeasts) and similar... imports USD 60m, exports USD 3m, top source Lithuania 37%
  • Paints and varnishes: based on acrylic or vinyl polymers, dispersed or... imports USD 36m, exports USD 2m, top source Poland 36%
  • Machinery: parts of machinery for soil preparation or cultivation or for... imports USD 33m, exports USD 1m, top source Poland 34%
  • Lubricating preparations: (other than for the treatment of textile and similar... imports USD 34m, exports USD 7m, top source Germany 40%
  • Vehicle parts: clutches and parts thereof imports USD 30m, exports USD 5m, top source Turkey 55%
  • Plastics: plates, sheets, film, foil and strip (not self-adhesive), of... imports USD 35m, exports USD 12m, top source Poland 41%
  • Binoculars, monoculars, other optical telescopes, astronomical instruments... imports USD 22m, exports USD 259k, top source China 100%
  • Plastics: artificial guts (sausage casings) of hardened protein or of... imports USD 19m, exports USD 706k, top source Serbia 29%
How the twenty were chosen

Three scores, each from a field the record carries.

Import bill, 0 to 3, by percentile among the 279 lines imported at USD 10m or more: above the median one point, top quarter two, top tenth three.

Proximity to export strengths, 0 to 3, on the same percentiles: the product-space method (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabasi and Hausmann, Science 2007) on CEPII's BACI file of every bilateral trade flow for 2024, 157 countries and 5,388 products. Two products are close when the countries that export one well tend to export the other well. Only products in the upper half for proximity can enter the list at all: best placed is a proximity claim.

Supply concentration, 0 to 2: one point when a single country supplies 40 per cent or more, two at 60 per cent.

Scope. Manufactured goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, excluding ores, fuels and precious metals. Primary agriculture is out of scope for a page about manufacture.

What it cannot tell you

A map of where to look.

Trade data says what crossed the border, not why. Cost, scale, patents, tariffs and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. The world file reconciles what each pair of countries reports, so a national customs file would differ in detail. Nothing on this page is a forecast or a promise.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601, years 2022 to 2024. Edition of 2026-11-03. The UK edition with its procurement and regional layers is at /made-here/.

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What Belarus buys, and from whom: the trade lanes into Belarus.

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