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The twenty imports Norway is best placed to replace.

Norway imported USD 75bn of manufactured goods in 2024 and exported USD 28bn. These are the twenty that sit closest to what it already makes well, with how concentrated the supply of each is.

USD 6.5bnthe twenty, imported in 2024
252products imported at scale, not yet exported well, and close to existing strengths
430products Norway already exports well
574public purchases of goods joined to a product family, from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU)
The twenty

Demand, capability, exposure. Nothing else is claimed.

Each line shows the import bill, where it comes from, the nearest thing Norway already exports well, and how many countries make it. It does not say whether a plant in Norway would pay. That reason is not in any trade record, and it is the maker's question.

This edition carries public buyers from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU), 3,466 award notices from 2025-11-03 to 2026-11-02, joined to each product's customs heading through a crosswalk we authored. The buyers are shown as context and do not change the score, because award values in these records include framework ceilings and outliers that would distort it. The regional layer (where the capability sits) is built only where a country publishes regional trade by product, and Norway does not publish it in a form this record can read yet.

  1. 1

    Paper articles: toilet paperHS 481810

    Comes fromSweden 91%, 35 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 22m; 3 more lines in the heading, USD 132m
    Public buyers in the family1 award from 1 buyer. Most frequent: Folkehallene IKS

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 129m, top 9 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 23 per cent (2); Sweden supplies 91 per cent (2).

    USD 129mup 0% on 2022
  2. 2

    Fertilizers, mineral or chemical: potassic, potassium chlorideHS 310420

    Comes fromGermany 85%, 8 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 238k; 1 more line in the heading, USD 29m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 101m, top 12 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 6 per cent (3); Germany supplies 85 per cent (2).

    USD 101mdown 11% on 2022
  3. 3

    Wood: coniferous (including unassembled strips and friezes for parquet flooring), continuously shaped along any edges...HS 440910

    Comes fromEstonia 65%, 29 source countries
    Nearest export strengthWood: coniferous species, of pine (Pinus spp.), sawn or chipped... (exports USD 88m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 14m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 17m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 7 of 8: import bill USD 65m, top 21 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 6 per cent (3); Estonia supplies 65 per cent (2).

    USD 65mdown 32% on 2022
  4. 4

    Turbines: parts of turbo-jets and turbo-propellersHS 841191

    Comes fromUnited States 66%, 41 source countries
    Nearest export strengthTurbines: gas-turbines (excluding turbo-jets and turbo-propellers)... (exports USD 25m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 250m; 6 more lines in the heading, USD 841m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 463m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 32 per cent (1); United States supplies 66 per cent (2).

    USD 463mup 100% on 2022
  5. 5

    Tobacco: other than homogenised or reconstituted or smokingHS 240399

    Comes fromSweden 87%, 14 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 5m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 24m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 301m, top 3 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 41 per cent (1); Sweden supplies 87 per cent (2).

    USD 301mup 8% on 2022
  6. 6

    Ammonia: anhydrousHS 281410

    Comes fromUnited States 44%, 11 source countries
    Nearest export strengthAlcohols: saturated monohydric, methanol (methyl alcohol) (exports USD 103m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 25k
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 274m, top 3 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 24 per cent (2); United States supplies 44 per cent (1).

    USD 274mdown 50% on 2022
  7. 7

    Tractors: road tractors for semi-trailers, with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or...HS 870121

    Comes fromSweden 70%, 17 source countries
    Nearest export strengthRailway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, bogies and... (exports USD 5m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 38m; 5 more lines in the heading, USD 214m
    Public buyers in the family8 awards from 8 buyers. Most frequent: Oslo kommune v/Utviklings- og kompetanseetaten

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 203m, top 4 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 49 per cent (1); Sweden supplies 70 per cent (2).

    USD 203mup 41% on 2022
  8. 8

    Waters: including mineral and aerated, containing added sugar or other sweetening matter or flavouredHS 220210

    Comes fromNetherlands 50%, 67 source countries
    Nearest export strengthDog or cat food: (not put up for retail sale), used in animal feeding (exports USD 244m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 16m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 82m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 178m, top 5 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 24 per cent (2); Netherlands supplies 50 per cent (1).

    USD 178mdown 10% on 2022
  9. 9

    Wood: doors and their frames and thresholds, (of other than tropical wood)HS 441829

    Comes fromSweden 55%, 28 source countries
    Nearest export strengthParticle board of wood, whether or not agglomerated with resins or... (exports USD 61m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 5m; 7 more lines in the heading, USD 241m
    Public buyers in the family25 awards from 12 buyers. Most frequent: Forsvarsbygg

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 131m, top 8 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 22 per cent (2); Sweden supplies 55 per cent (1).

    USD 131mdown 9% on 2022
  10. 10

    Aluminium: casks, drums, cans, boxes and the like for any material (not compressed or liquefied gas), 300l capacity or...HS 761290

    Comes fromSweden 68%, 47 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m
    Public buyers in the family12 awards from 12 buyers. Most frequent: Romerike Avfallsfordeling IKS

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 98m, top 13 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 13 per cent (2); Sweden supplies 68 per cent (2).

    USD 98mup 41% on 2022
  11. 11

    Glass: multiple-walled insulating units of glassHS 700800

    Comes fromPoland 87%, 28 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 279k
    Public buyers in the family1 award from 1 buyer. Most frequent: Veas Selvkost AS

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 77m, top 18 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 16 per cent (2); Poland supplies 87 per cent (2).

    USD 77mdown 26% on 2022
  12. 12

    Undenatured ethyl alcohol: of an alcoholic strength by volume of 80% vol. or higherHS 220710

    Comes fromNetherlands 66%, 20 source countries
    Nearest export strengthDog or cat food: (not put up for retail sale), used in animal feeding (exports USD 244m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 36m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 75m, top 18 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 17 per cent (2); Netherlands supplies 66 per cent (2).

    USD 75mup 63% on 2022
  13. 13

    Paper and paperboard: cartons, boxes and cases, of corrugated paper or paperboardHS 481910

    Comes fromSweden 63%, 63 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 12m; 4 more lines in the heading, USD 130m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 61m, top 23 per cent of candidates (2); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 23 per cent (2); Sweden supplies 63 per cent (2).

    USD 61mdown 1% on 2022
  14. 14

    Wood pulp: chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, (other than dissolving grades), semi-bleached or bleached, of...HS 470321

    Comes fromSweden 98%, 5 source countries
    Nearest export strengthWood pulp: obtained by a combination of mechanical and chemical... (exports USD 63m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 2m; 1 more line in the heading, USD 16m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 6 of 8: import bill USD 41m, top 34 per cent of candidates (1); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 3 per cent (3); Sweden supplies 98 per cent (2).

    USD 41mup 9% on 2022
  15. 15

    Medicaments: consisting of mixed or unmixed products n.e.c. in heading no. 3004, for therapeutic or prophylactic uses...HS 300490

    Comes fromGermany 18%, 68 source countries
    Nearest export strengthMedicaments: containing vitamins or their derivatives, for... (exports USD 44m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 527m; 5 more lines in the heading, USD 290m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 1.4bn, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 13 per cent (2).

    USD 1.4bnup 25% on 2022
  16. 16

    Iron or steel: structures and parts thereof, n.e.c. in heading 7308HS 730890

    Comes fromPoland 23%, 67 source countries
    Nearest export strengthDomestic appliances: non-electric, (other than cookers and plate... (exports USD 13m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 97m; 4 more lines in the heading, USD 214m
    Public buyers in the family7 awards from 7 buyers. Most frequent: Vennesla Kommune

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 1.0bn, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 24 per cent (2).

    USD 1.0bndown 6% on 2022
  17. 17

    Iron or steel: articles n.e.c. in heading 7326HS 732690

    Comes fromSweden 14%, 91 source countries
    Nearest export strengthDomestic appliances: non-electric, (other than cookers and plate... (exports USD 13m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 238m; 2 more lines in the heading, USD 56m
    Public buyers in the family2 awards from 2 buyers. Most frequent: Statsforvalteren i Troms og Finnmark

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 581m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 23 per cent (2).

    USD 581mup 10% on 2022
  18. 18

    Blood, human or animal, antisera, other blood fractions and immunological products: immunological products, put up in...HS 300215

    Comes fromSwitzerland 22%, 37 source countries
    Nearest export strengthRadioactive elements: tritium and its compounds: alloys, dispersions... (exports USD 2m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 5m; 4 more lines in the heading, USD 192m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 558m, top 1 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 17 per cent (2).

    USD 558mup 19% on 2022
  19. 19

    Vehicles: with only compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel), for transport of...HS 870423

    Comes fromSweden 56%, 17 source countries
    Nearest export strengthnone named
    Exports of this lineUSD 140m; 6 more lines in the heading, USD 1.1bn
    Public buyers in the family35 awards from 24 buyers. Most frequent: Lnett As

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 414m, top 2 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 39 per cent (1); Sweden supplies 56 per cent (1).

    USD 414mup 16% on 2022
  20. 20

    Biodiesel and mixtures thereof: not containing or containing less than 70% by weight of petroleum oils or oils...HS 382600

    Comes fromNetherlands 35%, 14 source countries
    Nearest export strengthAcids: saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids: salts of formic acids (exports USD 34m)
    Exports of this lineUSD 56m
    Public buyers in the familynone matched to this product family

    Score 5 of 8: import bill USD 402m, top 2 per cent of candidates (3); proximity to Norway's export strengths in the top 13 per cent (2).

    USD 402mdown 22% on 2022

The bill and its path, the sources and their unit values, who exports the line well, the nearest strengths, the public buyers where a country publishes them, and the method. We reply by email. Privacy

One line per customs heading. Products Norway already exports well and still imports are below, because they are a different conversation. No employment figures appear on this page, by decision.

Made here already, still imported

Scale conversations, not capability ones.

  • Dog or cat food: (not put up for retail sale), used in animal feeding imports USD 765m, exports USD 244m, top source Brazil 34%
  • Acyclic hydrocarbons: saturated imports USD 284m, exports USD 64m, top source United States 98%
  • Boring or sinking machinery: parts for boring or sinking machinery of... imports USD 410m, exports USD 204m, top source United Kingdom 21%
  • Buildings: prefabricated, of wood imports USD 154m, exports USD 14m, top source Estonia 46%
  • Carbon electrodes: with or without metal, of a kind used for other than furnaces imports USD 279m, exports USD 150m, top source China 79%
  • Iron or steel (excluding cast iron): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for... imports USD 75m, exports USD 17m, top source United Kingdom 50%
  • Wood: coniferous species, of pine (Pinus spp.), sawn or chipped lengthwise... imports USD 145m, exports USD 88m, top source Sweden 86%
  • Machinery: for agricultural, horticultural or forestry use and n.e.c. in... imports USD 92m, exports USD 37m, top source Finland 46%
  • Insulated electric conductors: for a voltage exceeding 1000 volts imports USD 167m, exports USD 115m, top source France 19%
  • Twine, cordage or rope: fishing nets, made up, of man made textile materials imports USD 59m, exports USD 10m, top source Lithuania 41%
How the twenty were chosen

Three scores, each from a field the record carries.

Import bill, 0 to 3, by percentile among the 1108 lines imported at USD 10m or more: above the median one point, top quarter two, top tenth three.

Proximity to export strengths, 0 to 3, on the same percentiles: the product-space method (Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabasi and Hausmann, Science 2007) on CEPII's BACI file of every bilateral trade flow for 2024, 157 countries and 5,388 products. Two products are close when the countries that export one well tend to export the other well. Only products in the upper half for proximity can enter the list at all: best placed is a proximity claim.

Supply concentration, 0 to 2: one point when a single country supplies 40 per cent or more, two at 60 per cent.

Public buyers, context only, never scored: 3,466 award notices from Tenders Electronic Daily (EU), 2025-11-03 to 2026-11-02, of which 1,080 were classified by the buyer as goods and 574 joined to a product family through a crosswalk we authored, because no official one exists. Only notices whose code names a specific product group are joined; broad division codes are left out. The join is a family, not an exact line, and the counts are a floor.

Scope. Manufactured goods, customs chapters 16 to 96, excluding ores, fuels and precious metals. Primary agriculture is out of scope for a page about manufacture.

What it cannot tell you

A map of where to look.

Trade data says what crossed the border, not why. Cost, scale, patents, tariffs and the plain fact that a supplier is good at it are all invisible here. The world file reconciles what each pair of countries reports, so a national customs file would differ in detail. Nothing on this page is a forecast or a promise.

Source: CEPII BACI, HS22, version 202601, years 2022 to 2024. Edition of 2026-11-03. The UK edition with its procurement and regional layers is at /made-here/.

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